Università di Georgetown
Article
January 30, 2023

La Georgetown University è un'università di ricerca privata riconosciuta a livello federale nel quartiere di Georgetown a Washington, DC Fondata dal vescovo John Carroll nel 1789 come Georgetown College, l'università è cresciuta fino a comprendere dieci scuole universitarie e di specializzazione, tra cui la School of Foreign Service, School of Business, Medical School, Law School e un campus in Qatar. Su una collina sopra il fiume Potomac, il campus principale della scuola è identificabile dal suo fiore all'occhiello Healy Hall, un monumento storico nazionale. La scuola è stata fondata nella tradizione gesuita ed è la più antica istituzione cattolica di istruzione superiore negli Stati Uniti. I gesuiti hanno partecipato alla vita accademica dell'università, sia come studiosi che come amministratori, dal 1805. Tuttavia, l'università è sempre stata governata indipendentemente dalla chiesa e la maggior parte degli studenti di Georgetown non è cattolica. Georgetown è classificata tra le migliori università negli Stati Uniti e l'ammissione è altamente selettiva. L'università offre corsi di laurea in quarantotto discipline, iscrivendo una media di 7.500 studenti universitari e 10.000 studenti post-laurea provenienti da più di 135 paesi. I notevoli alunni di Georgetown includono 27 studiosi di Rodi, 32 studiosi di Marshall, 33 studiosi di Truman, 429 studiosi di Fulbright, 2 presidenti degli Stati Uniti e 2 giudici della Corte suprema degli Stati Uniti, nonché royalty internazionali e 14 capi di stato stranieri. Tra le principali istituzioni mondiali nel governo e nelle relazioni internazionali, gli alunni della scuola includono più diplomatici statunitensi di qualsiasi altra università e molti membri del Congresso degli Stati Uniti. Georgetown ospita la più grande impresa gestita da studenti del paese, la più grande unione di credito gestita da studenti, più antica compagnia teatrale studentesca ininterrottamente attiva e una delle più antiche società di dibattito negli Stati Uniti. Le squadre atletiche della scuola sono soprannominate Hoyas e comprendono una squadra di basket maschile, che ha vinto un record di otto campionati Big East, è apparsa in cinque Final Four e ha vinto un campionato nazionale nel 1984. Anche le squadre di calcio maschile e di fondo femminile hanno campionati nazionali, mentre la squadra di vela mista ha quattordici campionati nazionali e un titolo mondiale.
Storia
Fondazione
I coloni gesuiti dall'Inghilterra fondarono la provincia del Maryland nel 1634. Nel 1646, la sconfitta dei realisti nella guerra civile inglese portò a leggi severe contro l'istruzione cattolica romana e l'estradizione di noti gesuiti dalla colonia, tra cui il missionario Andrew White e il distruzione della loro scuola a Calverton Manor. Durante la maggior parte del resto del periodo coloniale del Maryland, i gesuiti gestirono le scuole cattoliche clandestinamente. Fu solo dopo la fine della Rivoluzione americana che furono realizzati i piani per stabilire un'istituzione cattolica permanente per l'istruzione negli Stati Uniti. A causa della raccomandazione di Benjamin Franklin, Papa Pio VI nominò l'ex gesuita John Carroll come primo capo della Chiesa cattolica romana Chiesa negli Stati Uniti, anche se la soppressione papale dell'ordine dei Gesuiti era ancora in vigore. Carroll iniziò le riunioni del clero locale nel 1783 vicino ad Annapolis, nel Maryland, dove orchestrarono lo sviluppo di una nuova università. Il 23 gennaio 1789, Carroll concluse l'acquisto della proprietà a Georgetown su cui in seguito fu costruito Dahlgren Quadrangle. Il futuro membro del Congresso William Gaston fu arruolato come primo studente della scuola il 22 novembre 1791 e l'istruzione iniziò il 2 gennaio 1792. Durante i suoi primi anni, il Georgetown College soffrì di notevoli difficoltà finanziarie. La Compagnia di Gesù del Maryland iniziò la sua restaurazione nel 1805 e l'affiliazione dei gesuiti, sotto forma di insegnanti e amministratori, rafforzò la fiducia nel collegio. La scuola faceva affidamento su fonti private di finanziamento e sui limitati profitti delle terre locali che erano state donate ai gesuiti. Per raccogliere fondi per Georgetown e altre scuole nel 1838, i gesuiti del Maryland condussero una vendita di massa di circa 27Titoli di articoli correlati
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